Reproduction Keywords:
Reproductive organs - organs used in sexual reproduction
Reproductive system - all the reproductive organs
Sex cell - a cell used for sexual reproduction
Egg cell - the female sex cell
sperm cell - the male sex cell
Fertilisation - Fusing of the male sex cells with the female sex cells
Offspring - New organisms produced in reproduction
Sexual reproduction - producing new organisms by the joining of two sex cells
Parent - an organism that has had offspring
Fuse - when two sex cells join together to form a fertilised egg
when fertilisation happens outside the bodies of the parents
when fertilisation happens inside the bodies of the parentsReproductive organs Keywords:cervix - ring of muscles at the bottom of uterus (female)ovary - reproductive organ produces egg cells (female)oviduct - carries egg cell from the ovaries to the uterus in women (fertilization happens here)uterus - organ in which baby develops (female)vagina - tube. Penis is placed here during sexual intercourse (female)foreskin - a covering of skin protecting the head of the penis (male)glands - these add special liquids to the sperm to make semen (male)scrotum - bag of skin containing the testes (male)semen - mixture of sperm cells and special fluids released during sexual intercourse (male)sperm duct - tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra (male)testis - reproductive organ produces sperm cells (male)urethra - tube carrying urine (and semen in males) (both) Unit summary
The egg cells are adapted to carry out their function because :
The cytoplasm is large and contains a store of food for the fetilised egg cell
The jelly coat helps to make sure that only one sperm can enter
The sperm cells are adapted to carry out their function because:
The cytoplasm is little, so it can be small and streamline to swim
It has a tail so it can swim well
The tip of the head contains a chemical that attacks the coat of the egg, helping it to burrow inside.
In sexual intercourse, the penis is inserted into the vagina. Fertilisation takes place when the nucleus of the sperm call joins with the nucleus in the egg cell. This takes place in an oviduct and produces a fertilised egg cell. The fertilised egg cell dicides into a ball of cells, called the embryo, which implants into the uterus lining.
The menstrual cycle lasts aobut 28 days. It begins with menstruation. Ovulation (the releasing of an egg cell) occurs in the middle of the cycle.
The developing feuts is surrounded by a bag of amniotic fluid. This bag is called the amnion and protects the embryo as it grows. At about 5 weeks the embryo is about 5 mm long. At about 10weeks it has a full set of organs and is now called a fetus. The mother's blood does not mix with the fetus' blood. But the fetus does take food, water and oxygen from the mother's blood and give back waste materials like carbon dioxide.
Pregnancy lasts for nine months. Contractions in the uterus push the baby out through the cervix and vagina. Usually the head comes out first and the baby starts to breathe imediately. The umbilical cord is then clamped and cut. About half an hour after the birth the placenta breaks away and passes out through the vagina. This is called the afterbirth.
Puberty describes the time when physical changes happen. These changes are both physical and emotional. These changes start between the ages of 10 -15 and end at about 18.
Reproduction Keywords:
Reproductive organs - organs used in sexual reproduction
Reproductive system - all the reproductive organs
Sex cell - a cell used for sexual reproduction
Egg cell - the female sex cell
sperm cell - the male sex cell
Fertilisation - Fusing of the male sex cells with the female sex cells
Offspring - New organisms produced in reproduction
Sexual reproduction - producing new organisms by the joining of two sex cells
Parent - an organism that has had offspring
Fuse - when two sex cells join together to form a fertilised egg
when fertilisation happens outside the bodies of the parents
when fertilisation happens inside the bodies of the parentsReproductive organs Keywords:cervix - ring of muscles at the bottom of uterus (female)ovary - reproductive organ produces egg cells (female)oviduct - carries egg cell from the ovaries to the uterus in women (fertilization happens here)uterus - organ in which baby develops (female)vagina - tube. Penis is placed here during sexual intercourse (female)foreskin - a covering of skin protecting the head of the penis (male)glands - these add special liquids to the sperm to make semen (male)scrotum - bag of skin containing the testes (male)semen - mixture of sperm cells and special fluids released during sexual intercourse (male)sperm duct - tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra (male)testis - reproductive organ produces sperm cells (male)urethra - tube carrying urine (and semen in males) (both)
Unit summary
The egg cells are adapted to carry out their function because :
The cytoplasm is large and contains a store of food for the fetilised egg cell
The jelly coat helps to make sure that only one sperm can enter
The sperm cells are adapted to carry out their function because:
The cytoplasm is little, so it can be small and streamline to swim
It has a tail so it can swim well
The tip of the head contains a chemical that attacks the coat of the egg, helping it to burrow inside.
In sexual intercourse, the penis is inserted into the vagina. Fertilisation takes place when the nucleus of the sperm call joins with the nucleus in the egg cell. This takes place in an oviduct and produces a fertilised egg cell. The fertilised egg cell dicides into a ball of cells, called the embryo, which implants into the uterus lining.
The menstrual cycle lasts aobut 28 days. It begins with menstruation. Ovulation (the releasing of an egg cell) occurs in the middle of the cycle.
The developing feuts is surrounded by a bag of amniotic fluid. This bag is called the amnion and protects the embryo as it grows. At about 5 weeks the embryo is about 5 mm long. At about 10weeks it has a full set of organs and is now called a fetus. The mother's blood does not mix with the fetus' blood. But the fetus does take food, water and oxygen from the mother's blood and give back waste materials like carbon dioxide.
Pregnancy lasts for nine months. Contractions in the uterus push the baby out through the cervix and vagina. Usually the head comes out first and the baby starts to breathe imediately. The umbilical cord is then clamped and cut. About half an hour after the birth the placenta breaks away and passes out through the vagina. This is called the afterbirth.
Puberty describes the time when physical changes happen. These changes are both physical and emotional. These changes start between the ages of 10 -15 and end at about 18.